Validation Information: FFQ (Castilla-La Mancha region)
Fregapane 2000
Dietary assessment of an educated young Spanish population using a self-administered meal-based food frequency questionnaire
In this study a self-administered meal-based semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was developed, whose main aim was to classify individuals by their intake of food groups and nutrients. The respondents (205 final participants) from the target population were recruited from students and staff of the Faculty of Chemistry of the University of Castilla-La Mancha in Ciudad Real (Spain). The validity of the questionnaire was assessed in comparison with a four-day weighed diet record on a subset group of participants (n = 38). Results of the calibration study were similar to those reported in the literature, showing a reasonable correlation between the two methods. To improve dietary habits of the target population, an effective nutritional education programme should stress the importance of increasing consumption of food groups rich in starch and reducing those containing high level of proteins, sugars, fat and cholesterol.
Total number of nutrients validated: 32
Not all of the nutrients validated in the validation studies are included in the table below, as statistical data was only selected to be displayed for a number of nutrients, this included:
- Energy
- Fat
- Saturated Fat
- Mono-unsaturated Fat
- Poly-unsaturated Fat
- Carbohydrates
- Protein
- Sugar
- Non‐starch polysaccharides(NSP)
- Sodium
- Calcium
- Iron
- Zinc
- Retinol
- Folate
- Folic Acid
- Vitamin B12
- Vitamin C
- Fruit & Vegetables
- Urinary Nitrogen
To find information on the other validated nutrients please read the validation study.
- Macronutrients: 8
- Micronutrients: 7
| Comparator | Lifestage | Sex | Nutrient Measured | Mean Difference | Standard Deviation | Correlation Coefficient | Cohen's Kappa Coefficient | Percentage Agreement | Percentage Agreement Categories | Lower Limits of Agreement | Upper Limits of Agreement |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weighed Food Diary | Adults | Both | Protein (g) | -15.4% (Median) | 0.33 (S); 0.26 (ICC) | ||||||
| Fat (g) | 6.2% (Median) | 0.36 (S); 0.33 (ICC) | |||||||||
| Saturated fat (g) | -8.3% (Median) | 0.70 (S); 0.58 (ICC) | |||||||||
| MUFA (g) | -3.4% (Median) | 0.41 (S); 0.36 (ICC) | |||||||||
| PUFA (g) | 1.2% (Median) | 0.30 (S); 0.54 (ICC) | |||||||||
| Carbohydrates (g) | -1.5% (Median) | 0.79 (S); 0.79 (ICC) | |||||||||
| Total sugars (g) | 8.2 % (Median) | 0.34 (S); 0.32 (ICC) | |||||||||
| Fibre (g) | 23.4% (Median) | 0.45 (S); 0.58 (ICC) | |||||||||
| Sodium (mg) | -6.3% (Median) | 0.88 (S); 0.75 (ICC) | |||||||||
| Calcium (mg) | 7.9% (Median) | 0.65 (S); 0.68 (ICC) | |||||||||
| Iron (mg) | -8.9% (Median) | 0.48 (S); 0.34 (ICC) | |||||||||
| Zinc (mg) | 9.7% (Median) | 0.35 (S); 0.31 (ICC) | |||||||||
| Folic acid | 32.5% (Median) | 0.35 (S); 0.28 (ICC) | |||||||||
| Vitamin B12 | 28.7% (Median) | 0.41 (S); 0.38 (ICC) | |||||||||
| Vitamin C | 4.3% (Median) | 0.31 (S); 0.37 (ICC) |
Some results have been calculated using statistical techniques based on the published data.
For further information on statistical terms click on Statistical tests used in validation studies
All correlations coefficients in the table are unadjusted unless stated otherwise. For adjusted correlation coefficients and other statistical methods used in the study e.g. paired t-tests, please read the validation articles.
- # Adjusted
- † Energy adjusted.
- ‡ For loge-transformed, energy-adjusted nutrient intakes.
- ^ Adjacent included.
- ᵟ Participants provided identical responses.
- (w) = Weighted.
Fregapane G, Asensio-García C. Dietary assessment of an educated young Spanish population using a self-administered meal-based food frequency questionnaire. European Journal of Epidemiology. 2000;16(2):183-91.